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Toward a Poetry & Poetics of the Americas (2): Aimé Césaire, from the original 1939 Notebook of a Return to the Native Land

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 Translation from French by A. James Arnold and Clayton Eshleman


[j.r.’s note.  Earlier this year I began with Heriberto Yépez the exploration of a possible assemblage of a newly reconsidered “poetry of the Americas.”  The driving idea was to imagine a multilingual/multinational/multipoetic juxtaposition of poetries drawn from the work of poets engaged as natives andstrangers in the creation of a new & necessarily experimental poetry & poetics.  Coincident with that has been the publication of Aimé Césaire’s original 1939 version of Notebook of a Return to the Native Land (Wesleyan University Press, April 2013), in a new English translation by A. James Arnold & Clayton Eshleman.  The poem in that sense places Césaire in Martinique, a département of France but a coincidental part of the Americas all the same, and links him & us to the emergent negritudefor which it was, among other things, an early declaration, and he its major spokesman.  The merging of all of that or its crude juxtaposition, for what we may finally make of it, is a key part of the assemblage we hope to compose.  The following strophes, with their sense of “thisimpossiblydelicatetenuityseparatingoneAmericafromtheother,” speak ineluctably to that vision.
      The reader should also check an earlier posting on Poems and Poetics -- hereand here-- which includes in another context Arnold's & Eshleman's excellent note on the nature & context of the original Notebook.]

34
 
     Yourlasttriumph,tenaciouscrowofTreason.
     Whatismine,thesefewthousanddeathbearerswhomillinthecalabashofanislandandminetoothearchipelagoarchedwithananguisheddesiretonegateitself,asiffrommaternalanxietytoprotectthisimpossiblydelicatetenuityseparatingoneAmericafromtheother;andtheseloinswhichsecreteforEuropetheheartyliquorofaGulfStream,and one ofthe twoslopes ofincandescence betweenwhich theEquatortightropewalkstowardAfrica.Andmynonclosureisland,itsbraveaudacity standingatthesternofthisPolynesia,beforeit,Guadeloupesplitintwodownitsdorsallineandequalinpovertytous,Haitiwherenegrituderoseforthefirsttime*andstatedthatitbelievedinitshumanityandthefunnylittletailofFloridawherethestrangulationofaniggerisbeingcompleted,andAfricagiganticallycaterpillaringuptotheHispanicfootofEurope,itsnakednesswhereDeathscytheswidely.*

35

    AndIsaytomyselfBordeauxandNantesandLiverpool
and New York and San Francisco
notaninchofthisworlddevoidofmyfingerprintand
      my calcaneuson                         

thespinesofskyscrapersandmyfilthintheglitterof

      gems!
WhocanboastofbeingbetteroffthanI?
Virginia.Tennessee.Georgia.Alabama.
Monstrousputrefactionsofrevoltsstymied,
marshesofputridblood
trumpetsabsurdlymuted
Landred,sanguineous,consanguineousland

36 
 
    Whatisalsomine:alittlecellintheJura,*alittlecell,
         thesnowline
itwith whitebars
thesnowisawhitejailermountingguardbeforeaprison
Whatismine
aloneman imprisonedin whiteness
alonemandefyingthewhitescreamsofwhitedeath
(toussaint, toussaintlouverture)
amanwhomesmerizesthewhitesparrowhawk of
     whitedeath
amanaloneinthesterileseaofwhitesand
anoldblackmanstandinguptothewatersofthesky
Deathtracesashiningcircleabovethisman
death starssoftlyabove hishead
deathbreathesintheripenedcaneofhisarms
deathgallopsintheprisonlikeawhitehorse
deathgleamsinthedarkliketheeyesofacat
deathhiccupslikewaterundertheKeys*
deathisastruckbird
deathwanes
deathvacillates
deathisashypatyura*
deathexpiresinawhitepoolofsilence.

37 
 
      Swellingsofnightinthefourcornersofthisfirstlight
convulsionsofcongealeddeath
tenaciousfate
screamserectfrommuteearth
thesplendorofthisbloodwillitnotblastforth?


38
 
       Andnowalastraspberry:
tothesun(Notstrongenoughtoinebriatemyverytough
     head)
tothemealynightwithitsgoldenhatchingsoferratic
     fireflies  
tothecheveluretremblingattheverytopofthecliff,
wherethe wind leapsin bursts ofsalty cavalries
clearlyIreadinmypulsethatformeexoticismisno
provender.

39
 
      LeavingEuropeutterlytwistedwithscreams
silentcurrentsofdespair
leavingtimidEuropewhichcollectsandproudly
     overratesitself
Isummonthisbeautifulegotismthatventuresforth
andmyploughingremindsmeofanimplacablecutwater.

40
 
Somuchbloodinmymemory!Inmymemoryare
    lagoons.Theyare
coveredwithdeath’s-heads.Theyarenotcoveredwith
     waterlilies.
Inmymemoryarelagoons.Nowomen’sloin-cloths
     spreadoutontheirshores.
Mymemoryisencircledwithblood.Mymemoryhasa
     beltofcorpses!

41
 
andmachinegunfireofrumbarrelsbrilliantlysprinkling
ourignominiousrevolts, amorousglancesswooning
fromhavingswiggedtoomuchferociousfreedom

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